Install UKUI Desktop on openEuler 2403 and Configure Intel AX210 Wireless Driver

O&M Operations
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# Installing UKUI Desktop and Configuring Intel AX210 Wireless Driver on openEuler 2403

## I. Install UKUI GUI and VNC Remote Desktop

### 1. Install Desktop Environment and VNC Service
```bash
# Install UKUI desktop
sudo dnf install ukui -y

# Install TigerVNC server
sudo dnf install tigervnc-server -y

2. Configure VNC Startup Script (Fix Black Screen Issue)

After logging in as a regular user, perform the following:

bash

# Backup original file
mv ~/.vnc/xstartup ~/.vnc/xstartup.bak

# Create new xstartup file
vi ~/.vnc/xstartup

Write the following content:

sh

#!/bin/sh
# Clear conflicting environment variables
unset SESSION_MANAGER
unset DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS

# Set required environment variables for UKUI
export XDG_RUNTIME_DIR=/tmp/runtime-$USER
export XDG_CURRENT_DESKTOP=UKUI

# Start D-Bus session
if [ -z "$DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS" ]; then
    eval $(dbus-launch --sh-syntax)
    export DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS
fi

# Set a nice gray-blue background
xsetroot -solid "#5A6E7A"

# Start UKUI desktop environment
exec ukui-session

Grant execution permission:

bash

chmod +x ~/.vnc/xstartup

3. Start VNC Service

bash

# Stop any running session first
vncserver -kill :1

# Start new session (resolution 1920x1080, 24-bit color depth)
vncserver :1 -geometry 1920x1080 -depth 24

4. Allow Port Through Firewall

bash

sudo firewall-cmd --add-port=5901/tcp --permanent
sudo firewall-cmd --reload

Connect using a VNC client to server-IP:1 to access the UKUI desktop.

II. Install Intel AX210 Wireless Network Card Driver

1. Confirm Hardware and Kernel Version

bash

# Check if the network card is recognized
lspci | grep -i network | grep AX210

# Confirm kernel version (should be 6.x)
uname -r

2. Install Base Firmware Package

bash

sudo dnf updates
sudo dnf install linux-iwlwifi-firmware

Note: After installation, the latest .ucode file may still be missing — manual download is required.
The correct package in openEuler is: linux-firmware-iwlwifi

3. Check Errors and Manually Download Firmware

Check kernel logs:

bash

dmesg | grep iwlwifi

Common error examples:

  • Direct firmware load for iwlwifi-ty-a0-gf-a0-XX.ucode failed
  • PNVM data is missing, please install iwlwifi-ty-a0-gf-a0.pnvm

Based on the version range shown in logs (e.g., min 59, max 83), download the required firmware:

bash

# Download PNVM file
wget https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/firmware/linux-firmware.git/plain/intel/iwlwifi/iwlwifi-ty-a0-gf-a0.pnvm

# Download missing .ucode files (example for versions 59 and 83)
wget https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/firmware/linux-firmware.git/plain/intel/iwlwifi/iwlwifi-ty-a0-gf-a0-59.ucode
wget https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/firmware/linux-firmware.git/plain/intel/iwlwifi/iwlwifi-ty-a0-gf-a0-83.ucode

# Copy to firmware directory
sudo cp iwlwifi-ty-a0-gf-a0* /usr/lib/firmware/intel/iwlwifi/ -a

4. Fully Uninstall and Reload Driver Module

bash

# Unload modules in dependency order
sudo modprobe -r iwlmvm
sudo modprobe -r iwlmei
sudo modprobe -r iwlwifi

# Confirm unloaded (no output means success)
lsmod | grep iwl

# Reload driver
sudo modprobe iwlwifi

5. Verify WiFi Functionality

bash

# Check logs to confirm firmware loaded successfully
dmesg | grep iwlwifi | tail -20

# Check wireless interface (e.g., wlp5s0)
ip a show

Successful log entries should include:

text

iwlwifi 0000:05:00.0: loaded firmware version 83...
iwlwifi 0000:05:00.0: Detected Intel(R) Wi-Fi 6 AX210...

III. Appendix: Bluetooth Driver

The Bluetooth portion of Intel AX210 typically uses the built-in kernel btintel driver. If it doesn’t work, try:

bash

sudo dnf install bluez bluez-obexd
sudo systemctl enable --now bluetooth

Check if additional Bluetooth firmware files are needed (refer to the same manual download process used for WiFi firmware).